CPU

Cache

Pointers

Assembly

https://uops.info/table.html

Modulus (%)

Language Performance Comparisons Are Junk

Napkin Math

Cost of CPU operations: Infographics: Operation Costs in CPU Clock Cycles - IT Hare on Soft.ware

GitHub repo with programming related "ballpark" numbers: GitHub - sirupsen/napkin-math: Techniques and numbers for estimating system's performance from first-principles

Great visualization of latency numbers (with historical data): https://colin-scott.github.io/personal_website/research/interactive_latency.html